Episode 5: The Nordic Cross: Vikings, Crusades, and Conquests

Why did the Vikings of Scandinavia swap the raven flag of Oden for the cross of those they conquered? This is the tale of the blood-red flag of Dannebrog – and the centuries-long battle for the souls of Europe.

Why did the Vikings of Scandinavia swap the raven flag of Oden for the cross of those they conquered? This is the tale of the blood-red flag of Dannebrog - and the centuries-long battle for the souls of Norway, Sweden, Finland, and all of Europe.

Dannebrog falling from the sky during the Battle of Lindanise – by C.A. Lorentzen, 1809.

Dannebrog falling from the sky during the Battle of Lindanise – by C.A. Lorentzen, 1809.

References

Balsved, Johnny E. “The History of the Flag.” Danish Naval History. May 3, 2006. https://www.navalhistory.dk/English/TheFlag/History_of_the_Flag.htm

Bremen, Adam of. “The Heathen Temple at Uppsala” ed. D.L. Ashliman. October 23, 1998. https://www.furorteutonicus.eu/germanic/ashliman/mirror/uppsala.html

Butler, Josh. “The Real Ragnar Lothbrok.” Historic UK. https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/Ragnar-Lothbrok/

Chapman, Michael. “The History of Iceland.” Guide to Iceland. https://guidetoiceland.is/history-culture/history-of-iceland

Dash, Mike. “The Vengeance of Ivarr the Boneless.” Smithsonian Magazine. March 18, 2013. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/the-vengeance-of-ivarr-the-boneless-4002654/

Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica, The. “Ragnar Lothbrok: Viking Hero.” Encyclopaedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Ragnar-Lothbrok

Exodus 17:11. Bible Hub. https://biblehub.com/exodus/17-11.htm

Grandjean, Johnny and Gøgsig Jakobsen. “Is the Danish Flag the Flag of Malta?” Antvorskov Abbey. Kulturav DK. http://www.kulturarv.dk/1001fortaellinger/en_GB/antvorskov-abbey/stories/is-the-danish-flag-the-flag-of-malta

Groeneveld, Emma. “Ragnar Lothbrok.” Ancient History Encyclopedia. August 31, 2018. https://www.ancient.eu/Ragnar_Lothbrok/

Horváth, Zoltán. “Iceland.” CRW Flags. May 21, 2019. https://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/is.html#gen

Horváth, Zoltán. “Norway – Fact Sheet.” CRW Flags. November 21, 2013. https://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/no_fact.html

Horváth, Zoltán. “Raven flag (Vikings).” CRW Flags. May 21, 2019. https://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/xn_raven.html

Karasavvas, Theodoros. “Ragnar Lothbrok: A Real Viking Hero Whose Life Became Lost to Legend.” Ancient Origins. April 7, 2019. https://www.ancient-origins.net/history-famous-people/ragnar-lothbrok-ferocious-viking-hero-became-myth-008177

Kvilhaug, Maria. “The Temple of Uppsala.” Blade Honer. November 1, 2017. https://bladehoner.wordpress.com/2017/11/01/the-temple-of-uppsala/

Marshall, Tim. “A Flag Worth Dying For: The Power and Politics of National Symbols.” Scribner: New York, NY. June 2018.

McCoy, Daniel. “The Vikings Conversion to Christianity.” Norse Mythology for Smart People. https://norse-mythology.org/the-vikings-conversion-to-christianity/

Pollard, Justin. “The Real Ragnar Lothbrok.” Biography. April 26, 2017. https://www.biography.com/news/the-real-ragnar-lothbrok-vikings-history-channel

Raeside, Rob. “Sovereign Military Order of Malta - Grand Master of the Order.” CRW Flags. November 12, 2013. https://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/smom-gm.html

Ragnheidur. “All about the Icelandic Flag | History and Fun Facts.” All About Iceland. March 20, 2019. https://adventures.is/blog/icelandic-flag/

Smith, Whitney. “Flag of Finland.” Encyclopaedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/flag-of-Finland

Winters, Riley. “The long goodbye to Scandinavian Paganism and the Christianization of three realms.” Ancient Origins. October 16, 2014. https://www.ancient-origins.net/opinion-guest-authors/long-goodbye-scandinavian-paganism-and-christianization-three-realms-002212

“A Severe Salvation: How the Vikings Took Up the Faith.” Christian History Magazine #63. https://christianhistoryinstitute.org/store/magazine/98022/christian-history-magazine-63-a-severe-salvation-how-the-vikings-took-up

“An old flag celebrates its 800th birthday.” Your Danish Life. June 12, 2019. https://www.yourdanishlife.dk/an-old-flag-celebrates-its-800th-birthday/

“Cross, Maltese, HRE, Danish Flag; Bjernede, Order of St. John.” Denmark Roadways. May 6, 2012. https://denmarkroadways.blogspot.com/2012/05/bjernede-order-of-st-john.html

“Dannebrog: The flag that fell from the sky.” Denmark.dk. https://denmark.dk/people-and-culture/dannebrog-800-years

“Denmark's Dannebrog flag 'fell from sky' 800 years ago today.” The Local Denmark. June 15, 2019. https://www.thelocal.dk/20190615/denmarks-dannebrog-flag-fell-from-sky-800-years-ago-today

“Fun with Flags #19 - Sweden's Flag.” Fun with Flags. YouTube. September 15, 2018. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hTviXCj3IU

“Ragnar Lothbrok: the legend of the immortal Viking and his sons.” History Extra. December 6, 2019. https://www.historyextra.com/period/viking/ragnar-lothbrok-the-immortal-viking/

“Runestone in Gamla Uppsala Church.” Atlas Obscura. https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/runestone-gamla-uppsala-church 

“The Finnish Flag.” Finland.fl. https://finland.fi/facts-stats-and-info/the-finnish-flag/

“The History of the Swedish Flag.” Kings and Things. YouTube. August 17, 2017. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2-SX8s7n4Wg

“Vikings: From Pagans to Christians.” History on the Net. https://www.historyonthenet.com/vikings-from-pagans-to-christians

“Vikings.” June 7, 2019. History. https://www.history.com/topics/exploration/vikings-history

Music 

“Wide Eyes” by Chad Crouch

“Skip Street” by Chad Crouch

“Tin Can” by Chad Crouch

“Traction” by Chad Crouch

“Luminous” by Broke for Free

“If” by Broke for Free

“Drop of Water in the Ocean” by Broke for Free

Source: FreeMusicArchive.org

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Episode 6: The Spanish Flag: Four Kingdoms of the Rojigualda

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Episode 4: The Flag of Wales: King Arthur’s Dragon